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Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition in which individuals are preoccupied with thoughts of perceived flaws or defects in their appearance. Those with BDD spend a lot of time checking themselves in the mirror, seeking reassurance about their appearance from others, excessively grooming themselves, undergoing cosmetic treatments, and comparing themselves with others. Despite these efforts, they remain unsatisfied with their appearance. These preoccupied and repetitive behaviors can result in major impairment in daily life and functioning.
BDD can affect people of any age, gender, or background but usually begins in adolescence. The exact cause of BDD is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of biological, social, and psychological factors. Individuals with BDD often experience low self-esteem, self-confidence, and feelings of shame or embarrassment about their appearance, leading to social isolation.
• Preoccupation with Appearance: Excessive concern about a specific body part or multiple body parts.
• Repetitive Behaviors: Engaging in repetitive behaviors such as checking mirrors, grooming excessively, seeking reassurance from others about appearance.
• Avoidance: Avoiding social situations, activities, or places that may trigger anxiety about appearance.
• Extreme Self-Consciousness: Feeling extremely self-conscious or distressed about perceived flaws, even if others do not notice or comment on them.
• Impact on Functioning: BDD can significantly impair various aspects of daily functioning, including work, school, relationships, and social activities. .
• Body Checking: Engaging in repetitive behaviors such as touching, measuring, or examining the perceived flaw
• Impact on Relationships: BDD can strain relationships with friends and family, as well as romantic relationships
• Functional Impairment: BDD can lead to significant functional impairment in various areas of life, affecting work, school, social interactions, and overall quality of life.
Treatment for BDD involves pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Antidepressant medications, particularly Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), are the main medications prescribed for BDD. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is the most effective and widely used therapy for BDD. Individuals suffering from BDD often seek help from mental health professionals because, like any other mental health issue, BDD can create significant impairment in an individual's daily life.
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